In the 19th century, Rīga removed its defensive bulwarks and their moat, replacing them with a 3.2-kilometre canal and trees and vegetation in the style of an English landscape park. A stream with cascades, a waterfall and a rock garden with sculptures decorate the slopes of replicated castle mount Bastejkalns. Extensive greenery also runs through Kronvalda Park and Vērmanes dārzs (Gardens). Highlights of the city landscape include the Freedom Monument, University of Latvia, Latvian Academy of Art, Latvian National Theatre, Latvian National Opera House, Rīga Latvian Society House and other significant buildings. The Central Market pavilions stand out boldly against the city-centre silhouette.  

• There are 19 local tree species and 110 introduced ones, including very rare trees, such as the bivalve ginkgo and American hornbeam along the canal banks.
• 16 bridges have been erected over the city canal.
• The upper parts of the Vaiņode Zeppelin hangars were used in the construction of the Central Market Pavilions. The five spacious pavilions cover about two hectares of underground passages accessing storage areas and freezers.